It 's a loan contract that allows, in exchange for periodic payment of a fee: •
to have the availability of a good instrument to practice their profession or entrepreneurial activity;
• to exercise, at the end of the contract, an option to purchase (buy) the asset for an agreed amount.
In the operation involved three subjects:
- the user: one who chooses and uses the asset and can redeem it at the end of the contract;
- the grantor: the leasing company that buys the material well chosen by 'use, keep the property up to the time of his eventual redemption;
- the supplier: it is he who, chosen by the user, the company sells the asset leasing.
Advantages of leasing and comparison with other methods acquisition of capital equipment
alternatives that present themselves to an economic entity that wants to acquire capital goods to their activities, are:
- purchase (with equity or debt);
- rent;
- leasing ;
Given that the operation has both the advantages of leasing financing of those who hire, because you can dispose of assets without the need to immobilize the amount of money needed to buy them, the benefits of leasing can be summarized as follows:
a) Compared to the forms of financing "traditional" (eg bank loan) lease:
- allows you to finance the cost of the property in full (including VAT);
- is an extremely flexible service that can be "cut" on the different needs of the customer (many combinations are possible including: contract duration, frequency and amount of fees, surrender value of the property, provision of additional services on the asset, such assistance, insurance, maintenance etc.)..
b) Compared to the rental of the property:
- leasing is the user himself to choose the good and the supplier of the goods and, where appropriate, to be build good tailor;
- leasing allows you to take advantage of discounts on the price of the goods because the supplier is paid without delay by the finance company;
- leasing allows you to acquire ownership of the property to the same terms and conditions imposed by the contract.
c) leases, compared with the direct purchase, the following tax benefits:
- it allows the proportion of the VAT on rental payments;
- may allow accelerated depreciation amortization schedules than ordinary, through the deductibility of rental payments over the life of the contract.
[= removal of the tax deductibility]
[costs of depreciation, the share of income allocated to recover within a certain period time, the costs incurred to establish an economic activity, or the amount budgeted each year by a gradual depreciation to cover the costs of machinery and their possible failures.]
difference between leasing and sales
rate in the lease, the goods remain the property of the lessor for the duration of the contract, and only if the user passes the end of the same exercises the option to repurchase. In
to hire purchase, however, has an immediate transfer of ownership of the asset from the lessor to the user (step but remains "conditioned" to the regular payment of installments), and consequently, in terms of accounting and taxation, the property is treated as any goods owned by the user.
addition, while the lease may be concluded only by professionals and entrepreneurs, to hire purchase is a form of direct funding to private consumers.
The main elements of the contractual lease transaction
Since the two basic elements, namely the cost of the item and description of each item requested (type of good influence both the duration and the cost of the operation) other estimates can be provided by:
- advance to be paid at the inception;
- number and schedule of fees;
- method of calculation of fees (fixed or indexed);
- final redemption value of the asset
- services for the funding provided by the leasing company (insurance, service, maintenance, consulting, etc...)
Elements of a leasing agreement, then, are the following:
1) cost of goods financed + VAT;
2) payment of the supplier by the leasing companies (eg, order and balance 10% to 30 gg. after delivery and testing);
3) duration of the contract: Varies depending on type of asset financing and tax treatment, generally: 8 years is the minimum duration for the lease of real property, from 24 to 60 mesi la durata del leasing su autoveicoli e veicoli commerciali; da 30 a 60 mesi la durata del leasing su attrezzature, impianti, macchine, utensili ed altri beni strumentali;
4) periodicità dei canoni : è mensile nella gran parte dei casi, ma è comunque possibile prevedere una periodicità diversa;
5) il numero e l’importo dei canoni a carico dell’utilizzatore;
6) il canone leasing può essere comprensivo o meno di servizi accessori, qualiassicurazione (in varie forme) o altri servizi (ad esempio di assistenza e manutenzione);
7) è soggetto ad IVA in quanto corrispettivo da servizio;
8) anticipo versato al momento della stipula insieme alle spese di contratto, sotto form of a maxi-fee which is calculated as a% of value of the property and varies from a minimum of 10% to a maximum of 25%;
9) surrender value of the property: generally 1% of original cost;
10) and insurance costs of investigation.
